This discussion paper examines the persistence of educational issues in the Philippines despite numerous reform initiatives. It details significant reform projects like EDCOM, PCER, BEAM, and TEEP, highlighting their objectives, implementation, and varied outcomes, particularly in School-Based Management (SBM) and language policy. Despite successes in pilot areas and projects, issues such as high dropout rates, low pupil performance, and ineffective language policies persist due to factors like the projectized nature of reforms, bureaucratic inertia, leadership challenges, external influences, and cultural barriers, hindering the translation of reform efforts into large-scale, sustained improvements in the Philippine education system.
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