This paper aims to supplement information from PISA 2018 using the Longitudinal Cohort Study on the Filipino Child (LCSFC). In particular, it will explore relationships among schooling outcomes, bullying, and a common set of child, belongingness, family, and community background factors. For this analysis, we measured schooling outcome as on track with schooling, i.e., children are in age-appropriate grades, and no missed/repeated school year.
Categories: Discussion Paper
